Envelopes

8-step step-function envelopes -- a distinctive feature from the Casio CZ-101. Each envelope has 8 discrete steps, each with level and rate.

Envelope Types (per line)

Envelope	Controls	Parameter ID
DCO Envelope	Pitch (frequency)	`dcoEnv`
DCW Envelope	Warp depth	`dcwEnv`
DCA Envelope	Amplitude (volume)	`dcaEnv`

Plus a separate Mod Envelope (4-stage ADSR) for modulation routing.

Step Envelope Structure

8 steps, each with Level (0-127) and Rate (0-127)
Sustain Step -- which step is held while key is pressed
Loop toggle -- restart from step 1 after step 8
Step Count -- how many of the 8 steps are active

Classic ADSR Approximation

Steps 1-2 = attack, 3-4 = decay, 5 = sustain, 6-8 = release hold.

Editing in the UI

Click to select a step, drag vertically for level, horizontally for rate. Set sustain point with "S" button. Toggle loop icon.

DCO Envelope -- Pitch

Level 0 = base pitch, Level 127 = +12 semitones.

DCW Envelope -- Waveshape

Level 0 = no distortion (raw waveform), Level 127 = maximum distortion. The most expressive envelope.

DCA Envelope -- Amplitude

Level 0 = silence, Level 127 = max volume.

Envelope Tips

TIP

Long pad/slow attack: L=0,R=60 -> L=100,R=80, sustain step 2, loop off
Percussive pluck: L=0,R=2 -> L=127,R=5, sustain step 2, short DCA release
Arpeggiated pitch: alternating L=0/L=30, loop on
Vibrato via looping DCO: L=120,R=30 -> L=132,R=30, loop on

Next: Modulation | Previous: Overview | Algorithms

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